The Social Impact of AI on Human Rights: An International Legal Perspective

Abstract

Developments in artificial intelligence are transforming the world social, political, and legal systems. Although AI has the potential to enhance the common good, it also poses compound challenges to the security of human rights. This paper considers the social consequences of AI in the prism of international law, concentrating on the new norms, the reaction of institutions, and regulatory deficiencies. The study analyzes the effects of AI on human rights concerning privacy, equality, freedom of expression, due process, and socio-economic inclusion, relying on the international human rights law, regional jurisprudence, and global governance controversies. It notes the growing dependence on automated systems in policing by states and other actors, distribution of welfare, hiring, border control, and online platforms by states and other actors often without meaningful protection. The paper, through a qualitative approach, which involves document analysis and comparative legal reasoning, finds structural vulnerabilities that have been established by opaque algorithms, extraction of data on a broad spectrum, and disproportionate surveillance. The results indicate the necessity of severe legal promises, transparency issues, and institutional monitoring. The paper finishes with policy suggestions to make the international collaboration stronger, re-establish regulatory environments, and make sure that the evolution of AI may be based on human dignity and basic rights.